Syria: Providing Aid to the Displaced Close to Front Lines

Tens of thousands of Syrians are fleeing towards the Turkish-Syria border in search of safety as escalating fighting in eastern Aleppo's Azaz District forces them from their homes. Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has counted 23,000 new arrivals in camps and surrounding areas as increasing numbers of people flee towards the border. The numbers are difficult to track accurately, however, as people continuously arrive and move around, both between and within camps.

Some 79,000 people have gathered at the Bab al Salamah border crossing point, a mix of new arrivals and previously displaced people who were already living in the camps. MSF teams have distributed tents and essential items to displaced families, and are ready to cover the needs in terms of shelter and non-food items for up to 18,000 individuals in the coming days. MSF is assessing the needs on an ongoing basis and preparing to assist with further arrivals and movements. Here, MSF head of mission Muskilda Zancada describes the situation.

What are the MSF teams seeing around the Syria-Turkish border?

Lack of shelter is a major issue. There are pre-existing camps for internally displaced people (IDPs), but these existing camps are already full to capacity. Families are arriving on the outskirts of the camps and other families are scattered. Those outside the camps are the ones that are the most vulnerable and receiving the least support. It’s not easy to support people who are on the move or outside the camps. Those already in the camps are in a better condition.

MSF’s rapid response teams are distributing essential aid items, so far distributing tents and other essential items to more than 700 families. MSF is particularly worried about people living outside of the camps who have received almost no assistance—in particular, they have no formal access to food distributions.

As numerous hospitals near the front lines also close due to the insecurity, MSF has increased the bed capacity in its hospital in Azaz District from 28 to 36 beds, and is preparing to further extend the hospital's capacity if necessary. Since Saturday, February 6, we have seen a 50 percent increase in patients in our outpatient department, the majority of whom were suffering from respiratory tract infections.

There are also other health facilities in the camps. We have started outreach activities from this hospital, going into areas where the IDPs are gathering to assist those who can´t travel long distances. We are also running medical assessments.

We have also identified water and sanitation as a potential need. With the sharp increase of people around the camps, there are not enough toilets and showers, so we are looking at how we will support this. We are also worried about the potential for disease outbreaks, particularly of measles, and even with the cold weather we cannot discount the risk of cholera.

How many people are on the move? Where are they going?

We cannot say how many people are fleeing; it changes every day. So far our teams have counted 23,000 new arrivals in the camps and surrounding areas. Many of these people have been uprooted again and again because the front lines are moving, and some are on the run because of the constant air raids. We are concerned that with fighting on many front lines, and with some of these camps so close to those front lines, these people—families with pregnant women, children, elderly people—might be in danger. We have heard reports in other parts of northern Syria about aerial attacks on camps, and we are very concerned that this may happen here.

What kind of assistance is available to people in the area?

There are existing health structures in some of the camps, but not enough. Other international nongovernmental organizations are responding, mostly inside the camps, but from what we understand they have only short-term plans. Issues such as food, water, and sanitation have not been addressed yet in a systematic way.

Three hospitals supported by MSF in Syria have been attacked recently. Were these strikes deliberate?

In the last week alone, three hospitals MSF supports with donations have been hit by bombs. Because of the insecurity, the Syrian medical teams we support have not been able to get back into these facilities to assess the damage. There were no casualties in these bombings, as far as we know.

One of the hospitals was an ex-MSF hospital handed over in June 2015 to a Syrian medical association, but we continued our support with donations of medical equipment and drugs. Between January and June 2015, the hospital treated nearly 6,000 patients in the outpatient department, and about 2,500 in the emergency room. Fifty-one babies were delivered there.

As for whether these attacks were deliberate, we do not have enough information to say at this stage. We can confirm, however, that the hospitals were hit by bombs. We also know that in Syria, hospitals and health care structures are regularly targeted, a disturbing trend that escalated in 2015.

So far this year 13 hospitals have been bombed in north and south Syria, including four supported by MSF.

Read More: "Tens of Thousands of People on the Move" in Syria